hodder



(No Model.) 12 sneetssneen 2.

E. HODDER. LOOM FOR WEAVING GOIR YARN MATS.

No. 550,174; Patented Nov. 19,1895.

- ANDREW B.GRAHAM.PHOTO LITMLWASHINulflWQO 12 Sheets?Sh eet 3.

7 (No Model.)

E.HODDER. LOOM FOR WEAVING GOIR YARN MATS. No. 550,174.

' Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

AN DREW BVGRAHAM. PHOTO-UTHQWASHINGTDN. D C

-('No Model.)

12"SheetsSheet 5. E. HODDER. LOOMPOR WEAVING 001R YARN MATS; No.550,174.

Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

ANDREW RGFAD" l. FHMO-U'MOWASHINGTDN. QC.

12 Sheets Sheet 6.

Patented NOV. 19, 1895.

AN DREW BARRMAM. PHOTOUTHO WASH l NGTON. D c

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 9. E. HODDER.

' LOOM FOR WEAVING 001R YARN MATS. 3310. 550,174. Patented Nov. 19,1895.

fiii I x nmmg 1 ooooo aooooooooooooooogboooooooyoooo I I I AN DREWEGRMMM. PHOTD-LITHL'LWASI! l N GTO". DC.

(No Model.) 12 SheetsSheet L0.-

- r E. HODDER.

LOOM FOR WEAVING UOIR YARN MATS.

Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

AN DRIW BERMIAM. PHOTOLI'NQWASNINGTDNJYC.

(No Model.) 4 12 Sheets-Shet -11. E. HODDER.

LOOM FOR WEAVING GOIR YARNM'ATS.

No. 550,174. Patented Nov; 19,1895.

.ANDR B GRAHA (No Model.) 12 sheets-Shea 12. E. HODDER. LOOM FOR WBAVING001R YARN MATS.

No. 550,174. Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

Mb v P Mira/VOL 7% r m Z7. .7 Z

M PIIUTO-LITHQWASHINFPDNDI.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWVARD HODDER, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING COlR-YARN MATS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,174, dated November19, 1895. Application filed March 6, 1893. Serial No. 464,820. (Nomodel.) Patented in England March 23, 1889, No. 5,062.

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD HODDER, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster,England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Looms for WeavingCoir-Yarn Mats and other Similar Fabrics, (for which I have obtained apatent in Great Britain, No. 5,062, dated March 23, 1889,) of which thefollowing is a specification.

The nature and particulars of my inven tion will clearly appear from thefollowing description, the mechanism having been devised by me forefiectively making by ma chinery fabrios.such as mats, rugs, &c fromcoir yarn, cocoanut fiber, and other fibers.

The leading features of my invent-ion relate to the manner of anddevices for severing the given lengths of and for doubling and partiallytwisting the tufts of coir-yarn, and to other devices incident thereto,and also to certain details in the construction of the machine.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts throughout the figures, Figures 1 and 1show a side elevation, and Fig. 1 shows in elevation the centralportions of the loom, its right and left hand portions being omitted;Figs. 2 and 2 a vertical section of my improved coir-yarn mat-makingloom Fig. Q a vertical section on the same scale as Figs. 2 and 2showing the central portion of the loom, but omitting some of thedetails at the right and left of such center, already fully shown inthose figures. Fig. 2 is a detail of the grid. Fig. 3 is a part section,on an enlarged scale, of the feeding and regulating mechanism. Fig. lisan elevation of the knives and knife-bar. Figs. 5 and 6 are a I rear andside elevation, respectively, of a part the tubes.

- side elevation partly in section, of the same,

respectively. Fig. 11 shows two views of a plunger. Fig. 12 is a sideelevation of the clip mechanism. Figs. 13 and 14 are an end and a sideelevation, respectively, of the thrum-box mechanism. Figs. 15, 16, 1'7,18, and 19 are views illustrating the mode of formation of the mats.

My improved loom consists of a framework F, carrying five shafts, themain or driving shaft S carrying a pulley and the four shafts S S S SThe drivingshaft S, as seen in Figs. 2 and 2, imparts a motion to theshaft Sby means of a pinion s, mounted on the former shaft and gearingwith the large toothwheel 3, keyed on the shaft S, which carries apinion S gearing with the toothed wheel S mounted on the shaft S ,Thelatter carries a pinion S gearing with the spur-wheel s keyed on theshaft S which thus receives a motion from the former shaft. Thespurwheel 8 gearing with the pinion 8 mounted on the shaft 8, the latteris thus set in motion by the shaft S The yarn t, serving to form thetufts, enters the machine through the perforated plate a, and thenpasses through the feed-rollers a, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. Thesefeed-rollers allow of only a certain length of yarn to be fed to thetubes d, this being effected by the mechanism'shown separately in Fig.3, that shown in Fig. 2 being a simplified form there of. The threerollers a are arranged, two at the bottom and one at the top, inbearings fixed to the rear at the top of the frame F, their proximitybeing adjusted by the lever or arm a in which said upper roller a isjournaled, as seen in Fig 1, which can be raised or lowered by thehand-wheel c having a screw-spindle, as clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 2,screwing through said arm a into the frame. The axis a passes throughone of the rollers a and carries at the right hand a toothed wheel at,gearing with two similar wheels mounted on the axis of the other tworollers a, as seen in Fig. 4, this axis carrying at the other side atoothed wheel a, gearing with the gearwheel a mounted on the shaft a onwhich is also keyed a ratchet-wheel 6%, in the teeth of which engagesthe pawl a, fixed to the lever a, Fig. 3. On the shaft 0. is mounted theforked upper end of the lever a slotted at its outer end to receive oneextremity of the connecting-rod of, the other extremity of which issecured to the pin of a crank-disk a mounted on the shaft S. I The endof the connecting-rod a is adjustable in the-slot of the lever a, so asto be able to regulate the feed. In this figure a indicates in dottedlines any suitable friction-brake, secured on the frame and adapted tobear on one of the rollers a. During half a revolution of the disk a thepawl a" turns ratchet-wheel a a few teeth, and through the wheel aimparts motion. to the three rollers a, which now feed a length of yarnforward to the tubes (1; but during the second half-revolution of thecrank-disk a the pawl slips along the teeth of the ratchet wheel withoutany motion. being imparted to the said wheel. The disks a and f are bothon the same shaft S.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the ratchet-wheel is mounted directlyon the axis a. The yarns pass farther under a guideroller (1, Fig. 2,and then through the tubes (7, which feed at each forward motion thelength of yarn required to make one tuft and supplied by the feed-rollera. The motion of these tubes is carried out by the mechanism shownseparately in Figs. 7 and 8. The tubes (Z are fixed to a transverse bar(1 secured at each end to a rack (1 actuated by the toothed wheels (1",which are mounted on the shaft (1, carrying likewise two wheels (Z (1,upon which are fixed the upper ends of the chains (1 and (1, their lowerends being attached to the extremities of the levers d (I pivoted at (1the chain (1 running on wheel (1 and chain (1 on wheel (1 as shown inFig. 8. One lever d is lowered by the cam (Z mounted on the shaft Sacting on the roller (1", while the other (I occupies its uppermostposition, the other lever being depressed by a similar cam (1 and alsomounted on shaft S as seen in Fig. 10. The position of these leversbeing reversed at each successive operation thus imparts first a forwardmotion to the tubes (1, which deliver the yarn to the clips 0, and thena rearward motion to allow the knives l) to cut the length of yarnrequired to make one tuft. The clips, which drop down on one end of theyarn fed by the tubes in order to hold it while the knives I) cut thesame at the tube ends, (after these tubes have reccded,) are operated bymechanism shown separately in Fig. 12 and consisting of an arm 0furnished with a triangular projection c and mounted on an axis esecured to the top of the frame F of the machine, and carrying,moreover, an upright arm 0, which is terminated with a roundedprojection c c is a crank mounted on the axis 0, carried by thethrum-box l3 and pivoted at c to the arm In order to allow some play, ifneeded, between the jointed arms 0 and c, inasmuch as these arms move indifferent arcs, the pivothole for the pivot 0 maybe slightly elongated.The thrum-box is made of such-size and form as to afford supports forthese parts and also for the chain c and the clips 0 and is arranged inthe machine near the plunger. The clips 0 consist of rods havingpreferably scrrations or teeth (see Fig. 5) on their lower ends, andthey are mounted in proper guideways in the thrum-box B, as shown. Tothe crank is fixed one end of the chain connected at the other end tothe clip c, upon the stem of which is wound a spiral spring 0. Thesesprings c, which have a tendency to pull the clip down by virtue of theshoulders e on the clip, bear at one end againsta horizontal bar of thethrum-box in which the clip is guided.

The rotation of the cam c, Fig. 12, causes the pin c thereon to bearupon the crank or cam c, and the link c being pivoted to the lower endof the rod c" and also to cam c this lever, which normally prevents anyoperative action of the arm 0, is thus withdrawn, so that as theplunger-actuating rod c, Fig. 1 ascends its upper end strikes theprojection a of the arm 0 and causes one end of crank c to be raised,rocking the shaft or axis a, and thereby allowing the chain c and theclips 0 to drop down under the action of the springs c.

Fig. 12 relates to the mechanism. required for operating the clips, ofwhich there is a scries, one immediately in front of each feedlug-tube.The purpose which the clips 0 serves is to hold the ends of thepile-yarn while the tubes rccede and the knife severs the yarn, when theclips 0 rise and allow the severed pieces of yarn to lie looselyimmediately under the plungers, Fig. 11, so that the said severed piecesof yarn can be easily operated upon by the said plungers.

B 13, Fig. 2, are two bars, forming the front of the thrum-box, eachhaving a row of holes drilled therein, so that the shank of the clips 0can pass through, as shown at c, Fig. 12, and when they are all in placeeach clip 0 will be immediately in front of the mouth of one of thefeeding-tubes around the said shanks of clip 0, and between the two bars13 is mounted a spring, as shown at c, Fig. 12, the top end of thisspring resting upon the top bar 1;, its bottom end resting upon thesquare of the clip 0, thus forcing it downward. The shanks of the clipsare provided at the top with a hole, so that the short rods 0 can beattached thereto, it being threaded at the upper end to receive a nut. cis a bar suspended by two chains 0 Fig. 12, to the roller or shaft 0 andpierced with a row of holes to receive the ends of the rods 0 which arepassed through the said holes and a nut screwed on their tops. The army0" is connected to the upper end of rod 0. It will now be evident thatas the arm 0 Fig. 12, is pulled down by the bowl c attached to the cam cand pressingdown the lever o (which lever is attached bya link 0 to theconnecting-rod c, the upper end of which being connected, as abovestated, to the said arm 0",) this action causes the roller of the shaft0" to partly revolve on its axis and thus shorten the chain 0 Fig. 12,and lift the bare", which, having all the rods 0" attached to it, raisesthe clips 0, compressing the springs o.

W hen the clips 0 are at their highest, the

arm falls over the bowl X, attached to the top of the connecting-rod cand the said arm 0 naturally falls to this position on account of itscrooked limb, to which the lug c is attached, being part and parcel ofthe same forging, and its weight being greater than the straight limb cit remains in this position until the head of the connecting-rod E Fig.1 ascending, strikes the lug 0 Fig. 12, and pushes it aside, causing thearm 0 to release the bowl X and allow the springs c to come into playand force the clips 0 downward. These motions are all so timed that theclips 0, Fig. 12, shall fall at the precise moment that the pile-yarn ispassed underneath them, and rise again as soon as the knife has severedthe yarn.

WVhen the chain 0 drops under the action of the springs c, the knives I)come into operation to sever the lengths of yarn required to form thetufts. These knives are secured to a knife-bar b, Fig. 4, furnished withjournals b whereby they are attached to vertical rods b, Fig. 1,connected at their lower extremities, as seen in dotted lines in Fig.1*, to a lever b pivoted at b in the frame N, Fig. 1. These levers areactuated by cam-disks b I), mounted at each end of the shaft S andprovided with grooves 19 with which engage pins or rollers b mounted onsaid levers 19 so as to bring the knives down, the latter returningimmediately after to the raised position under the action of the saidlevers.

The plungers e slide vertically and have a thin edge, and are connectedby means of their annularly-grooved head 6 to a crossbar 6, and are nowforced down by means of the rod 6 in order to come into operation topush the tufts at the middle of their lengths to give them the necessaryU shape and to force them down and with their ends upward into the holesor channels g, Fig. 2. This downward movement of the plungers servesalso, by means of the spiral portion of their grooves e and the pins eto turn and partially twist each of the tufts near its bight or bend, soas to place such loop or bend into proper position for the thrum-carrierF to carry and present them subsequently under a row of alternatewarp-threads on the grid G.

The plungers e are shown in Fig. 11 in two different positions foldingthe tuft lengthwise in the middle and making it assume a U shape. Theseplungers are furnished with a helicoidal groove e, wherein engages a pinc fixed to a bar e secured in front of the plungers to the thrum-box, asseen in Fig. 5, so that when the ends a of these plungers descend uponthe tuft-length they are turned around all the time that they push thetuft down the passage g, Fig. 2. The plungers are guided through thehorizontal bars of the thrum-box and are connected to a bar e at the topand held by the two bars e', the bar c being capable of sliding onsuitable movable guides formed in the framework of the machine, so as toenable the plungers e to move to and fro with the thrum-box B(containing the knives b and the spring-clips c) and the tubes (1, forthe purpose of feeding each successive row of tufts upon a row ofalternate warp-threads 'w on the grid G.

The thrum-box B is mounted on the main frame and is moved forward andback by means of a screw-rod g and other devices stated below, and thepurpose of such movement is that it may carry with it the knives, clips,and tubes, as already mentioned.

The bar a is connected at each end to a connecting-rod e fixed at itslower end 6 to a crank-disk mounted on the shaft S which thus imparts anup-and-down movement to the plunger e.

The to-and-fro motion of the thrum-box is carried out by the mechanismshown in Figs. 13 and 14. To one side of the thrumbox B is secured, by ahead n moving in the box n, bolted to the thrum-box, the screw-rod 9mounted on the frame F of the machine, and carrying at'its end a toothedwheel g gearing into a large wheel 9 upon the axis of which is mountedone end of a slotted lever 9 A stud on the upper end of a link g? movesin the slot 9 formed in this slotted lever while its other end isconnected to a crank-disk 9 mounted on the shaft S The rod g is at oneend rotatably supported by a bearing in and is thus held to thethrum-box B, while the other end is screw-threaded and can move to andfro in the nut 9 rigidly fixed to the frame F of the machine. The motionof the lever g imparts alternately a turn in one direction or the other,thus causing the screw-rod to turn in similar direction and to impart ato-and-fro motion to the thrum-box in a direction widthwise or crosswiseof the machine. All the tufts being now placed in position in thechannels g, they are moved 011 to 'the grid G by the carrier F (Shown inFigs. 9 and 10.)

The carrier consists of bases f f one of these f supporting a series ofverticalblades f, the other supporting pilot pieces or blades f, thepiece f being arranged, as shown in Fig. 10, to run on guideways f Thiscarrier moves in inclined guides f arranged on both sides of the frame Fand consists of a number of blades f for pushing the edge of the U-shaped tufts through the reed 9 se cured to the bottom of the thrum-boxB, Fig. 5,

each blade f moving one of the branches of the U-shaped tuft i, Fig. 9,these tufts being inserted between the bars of the divided grid G, Fig.2 on which bars are placed the warpthreads, the rounded ends of thetufts thus abutting against the under side of the bars, from which theyare afterward removed into the mat after a weft has been thrown by ashuttle.

To insure that the warp-threads may be properly separated for theinsertion of the tufts, I use a pilot-carrier f, the object of which isto. separate the threads, if need be, (when moved to the farther end ofits travel,)

this carrier f dropping down in the expanded or enlarged front end f ofthe guides f out of the way of the carrier f, to which it is eonneetedby the rods f and f hinged together, as clearly shown in Fig. 10, thecarriersf and fthat is to say, the row of blades of which this carrierconsists-are each composed of a series of thin sheets arranged side byside to form a sort of comb or group of blades, as shown, and secured attheir lower ends in the basis of f and f, respectively. The rod f isjointed to the connecting-rod f secured at its other end to theleverf,pivoted at f and connected at the rod f to the large crankdisk f mountedon the shaft 3 the rotation of which thus imparts a forward and backwardmotion to the carriers f f The warp W reaches the loom between therollers r 1, Fig. 2 made adjustable in a slot by means of a hand device0, and this warp passes around the rollers R R, located at the top ofthe 100111, and thence around the rods 7' 7* near these rollers and overthe guide-rollers 0' and r beneath said top rollers and thence throughthe heads h it alternately, and along the grid-bars K, Fig. 2,terminating in the mat M, which passes between the two pulloff rollers1"". To allow the shuttle to pass through a row of alternatewarp-threads, the healds h and h are alternately raised, as shown inFig. 2*, where the healds h are raised while the healds h are down.After each alternate row of tufts has been placed onto the warp-threadsw on the grid G, the shuttle throws a weft-thread ,2, Figs. 17 and 18,and then the beaters reed is lowered into action, its teeth entering theintervals between the grid-bars K behind the row of tufts t and drivingthe latter away from the rear part of the grid onto the mats which reston the front part of the grid, which is separated from the rear partthereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the arrangement and relative positions ofthe warp w and weft and tufts i.

Fig. 16 shows the diamond shape of the back of the finished mat, moreparticularly exemplified in Fig. 19.

The mat passes through the adjustable tension or pull-off rollers r and1' in Fig. 2, driven by chain-gearing (not shown in the drawings) by theshaft 1). The latter is actuated by hand with the aid of the handle pthe ratchet-wheel p and the pawl 19, or by power with the mechanismconsisting of the ratchet-wheels p, the pawl ]J7, and the lever 19 andthe connecting-rodp, attached to a crankdisk mounted on the shaft S, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 This pull-off motion is well known, andI lay no claim thereto.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-- 1. In a loom for weaving mats or fabrics of coir yarn, orcocoa-nutand other similar fabrics, provided with means for feeding and cuttingthe tuft threads, the described devices for doubling and givingatwist toa tuft, consisting of a vertically reciprocating chiseledged plunger 6,having its head hung to permit it to be turned, and having in its side agroove partially spiral, combined with suitable means for raising andlowering the plunger, and with a fixed pin en gaging its grooves, allsubstantially as shown and described.

2. In a loom provided with means for feeding and cutting the tuftthreads, grooved )lun ers e severall Y havin a rooved head b b D i aspiral groove 6, and a thin or chisel edge as described,in combinationwith pins e an d with their carrying bar 6, connecting rods e, and meanssubstantially as described for aetuating said rods.

3. In a loom, the described mechanism for forming tufts, consisting ofthe combination of feed rollers, the feeding tubes adjacent thereto andadapted to receive the yarn therefrom, the spring-pressed clips servingto hold the yarn at the end of each feeding operation, knives to severshort lengths of yarn, guides for the tufts, and thin or chisel-edgedplungers playing in said guides and severally hung to turn in a plungerbar and having a groove partly straight and partly spiral working on afixed pin, to double such lengths at theircenters and to force themdownward and give them a partial turn, the combination being andoperating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a coir-yarn loom, the combination of a plunger bar c", plungershung thereon and having each a continuous straight and spiral. groove,fixed pins each engaging with such groove, means for actuating theplungers to force down the severed tufts, means substantially asdescribed for feeding the tuft threads, means for cutting such threads,the connect ing rod e", shaft S and the crank disk there on, thecombination being an d operating substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

EDlVARl) IIODDER.

\Vitn esses:

VINET HUGHES, GEORGE PRINGLE.

